![]() ![]() A particular sacred mountain may have one or more of these themes represented in it some may have nearly all of them. Bernbaum identifies the following ten themes expressed through sacred mountains that are particularly widespread in cultures around the world, summarized below. Volcanoes, such as Mount Etna in Italy, were also considered sacred, Mount Etna being believed to have been the home of Vulcan, the Roman god of fire and the forge.Įdwin Bernbaum, a preeminent scholar of sacred mountains around the world, suggests that although no single, universal theme underlies all sacred mountains across the globe, it is possible to identify certain patterns that help to clarify the principal roles that sacred peaks play in different cultures. Mount Kailash is believed to be the abode of the deities Shiva and Parvati, and is considered sacred in four religions: Hinduism, Bon, Buddhism, and Jainism. In some cases, the sacred mountain is purely mythical, like the Hara Berezaiti in Zoroastrianism. Many religions have traditions centered on sacred mountains, which either are or were considered holy (such as Mount Olympus in Greek mythology) or are related to famous events (like Mount Sinai in Judaism, Christianity and descendant religions or Mount Kailash, Mount Meru in Hinduism). For many, the most symbolic aspect of a mountain is the peak because it is believed that it is closest to heaven or other religious realms. Sacred mountains are central to a certain religions, and are usually the subjects of many legends. ![]() The north face of Mount Kailash, a mountain in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China which is considered sacred by four religions. ![]()
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